Bath capacity in a Part G water calculation

A Building Regulations number, not a plumbing rule of thumb: what the official water efficiency methodology does with bath capacity, how much it is really worth on the final l/p/d figure, and how to change it without guessing.

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The short answer

Where a shower is also present, the bath carries a use factor of only 0.11, so a 180 litre bath contributes 19.8 l/p/d before normalisation and every 10 litres of capacity is worth about 1 l/p/d. Take the shower away and the factor jumps to 0.50 — the same bath then contributes 90 l/p/d, and a bath-only dwelling becomes very difficult to pass.

What the methodology does with it

Consumption for each fitting is capacity × use factor + fixed use. These are the Table 1 figures that apply here, from The Water Efficiency Calculator for New Dwellings — the methodology Approved Document G and Building Regulation 36 require:

Fitting lineWhat you enterUse factorFixed use (l/p/d)
Bath (shower also present) Capacity to overflow, litres 0.11 0.00
Bath only (no shower) Capacity to overflow, litres 0.50 0.00

Every fitting line is added together, the total is multiplied by the 0.91 normalisation factor, and a fixed 5 l/p/d of external water use is added. That final number is the one that has to come in at or below your target.

What one unit is worth

With a shower present, 10 litres of bath capacity is worth 1.00 l/p/d — so specifying a smaller bath is rarely the answer to a failing calculation. Without a shower, the same 10 litres is worth 4.55 l/p/d, and the bath alone can account for more than half the allowance.

Worked example

  1. A 180 litre bath in a bathroom that also has a shower: 180 × 0.11 = 19.80 l/p/d before normalisation, or 18.02 after.
  2. A 160 litre bath instead: 160 × 0.11 = 17.60 — a saving of just 2.00 l/p/d on the submitted figure.
  3. The same 180 litre bath in a dwelling with no shower at all: 180 × 0.50 = 90.00 before normalisation, 81.90 after.
  4. That is nearly two thirds of a 125 l/p/d allowance spent on one fitting — which is why adding a shower over the bath is usually the single most effective thing you can do to such a dwelling.

What you will meet in practice

Indicative ranges only — always use the manufacturer's declared figure for the product you are actually specifying, at the pressure your system will deliver.

SpecificationTypical figureWhy it matters
Compact / space-saver batharound 140–160 litres to overflowUseful, but the saving is small when a shower is present.
Standard 1700mm bathcommonly 170–190 litres to overflowThe usual assumption where no figure is given.
Freestanding or double-ended bathoften 200 litres or moreWorth checking, particularly on a tight 110 l/p/d target.

Getting it right

The figure the methodology wants is capacity to overflow, measured with no one in the bath — not the volume of water someone would actually run. Manufacturers publish it, and it is usually noticeably larger than the "usable capacity" quoted in marketing.

The mistake to avoid: Using the marketing "capacity" figure rather than capacity to overflow, and forgetting that adding a shower over the bath moves the bath onto the much kinder 0.11 factor. On a dwelling designed with a bath and no shower, that one change is transformative.

Free to calculate — pay only for the certificate

WaterMonkey is free to use: build the fittings schedule, change this fitting and watch the result move, and check against 125 l/p/d or the tighter 110 l/p/d target. You pay £25 +VAT (£30 inc VAT), once, for the Building Control-ready PDF — and one fee covers every identical plot on the site.

Frequently asked questions

How does bath capacity affect a Part G water calculation?

Where a shower is also present, the bath carries a use factor of only 0.11, so a 180 litre bath contributes 19.8 l/p/d before normalisation and every 10 litres of capacity is worth about 1 l/p/d. Take the shower away and the factor jumps to 0.50 — the same bath then contributes 90 l/p/d, and a bath-only dwelling becomes very difficult to pass.

How much difference does changing it actually make?

With a shower present, 10 litres of bath capacity is worth 1.00 l/p/d — so specifying a smaller bath is rarely the answer to a failing calculation. Without a shower, the same 10 litres is worth 4.55 l/p/d, and the bath alone can account for more than half the allowance.

Is it better to leave the bath out of the design entirely?

On the numbers, a shower-only dwelling is easier to pass — but the shower then moves onto the higher 5.60 factor, so it is not a free win, and most house types need a bath to be saleable. A bath plus a shower is usually both the more marketable and the more forgiving combination.

Is the calculator free?

Yes — building your fittings schedule and checking PASS/FAIL against 125 or 110 l/p/d is free in the browser. You only pay £25 +VAT (£30 inc VAT) when you export the Building Control-ready PDF, and that one fee covers every identical plot on the site.

The other fittings

Every line in the calculation behaves differently. Compare another:

Or back to the main Part G water calculator, read what Building Control is actually asking for, or do the whole thing without a spreadsheet.

Want to see what your own spec does?

Put the fittings into WaterMonkey and watch PASS/FAIL flip live at 125 or 110 l/p/d — the full official methodology, free on screen. The submittable certificate is the only paid part.